How much do you know about Geology? (2)

QUESTIONS.
1. What is the term applied to a crack or fracture in the Earth, usually created by
the movement of the Earth’s crust?
2. What is the name give to the wide, tidal part of a coastal river, close to its
mouth, where freshwater mixes with seawater?
3. What are remains of a plant or animal buried in sediment called?
4. What is the term used for that property of a mineral that allows it to break
along a smooth plane surface?
5. What is the name of the solid, black or brownish-black combustible material
that was formed through the partial decomposition of vegetation?
6. What term do we give to the solid rock that makes up the Earth’s crust, and
also to the exposed solid mass of rock after soil has been removed?
7. What is the deep, roughly round depression at the mouth of a volcano called?
8. What name is given to a natural – or artificial – body of inland water?
9. What is the ‘wobbling’ effect of the Earth as it turns on its axis called?
10. What is the name given to permanently frozen ground?
11. What name is given to a circular, steep-sided basin associated with a volcano or
meteorite impact?
12. What is a long, steep-sided valley formed in dry regions by running water?
13. What term is applied to a rock layer that can store a large amount of
groundwater?
14. What do we call Geologic time measured in years from information gathered
by direct means, e,g, radioactive dating?
15. What term relates to materials such as rocks, meteorites, etc., that contain
carbon?

ANSWERS.
1. Fault. 2. Estuary. 3. Fossils. 4. Cleavage. 5. Coal. 6. Bedrock. 7. Caldera. 8. Lake.
9. ‘Nutation’. 10. Permafrost. 11. Crater. 12. Canyon. 13.Aquifer. 14.‘Absolute time’.
15. Carbonaceous